Electronic Circuits Diagram

This is a Simple Automatic Anchor Light Circuit Diagram.Most of the cruisers do not use a masthead anchor light because the light is too high above the water level and actually makes it difficult to judge the position of the boat from just the anchor light, especially in a pitch-dark anchorage. That is why many people have devised their own forms of anchor lights that they stick lower to the deck on both sides of their boat. Here is the circuit of a compact yet inexpensive automatic anchor light integrated with an ambient light sensor that turns it on and off automatically. This 12-volt LED light can be used as a traditional masthead anchor light and/or as an optional pretty clever custom-built anchor light. A typical commercial anchor light is shown in Fig. 2. The circuit described here (refer Fig. 3) lets you control an electromagnetic relay so that it turns on a white LED light when the preset light level is reached and turns it off when a different preset leve...

Someone anonymous left me a comment in this post asking that, since I had analyzed the transmitter, I also described the receiver. The comment I deleted, for the lack of care of its editor, but the request seemed right. A typical receiver of a cheap car made in China does not have much crumb. This I present is one that cost me between 3 and 4 euros (for those who are more familiar, about 4.5 USD). Current Radio Control circuits   There are three types of low-end radio controlled cars. Of course they do not have to be cars, the external form can be any. What matters is the circuit. Of course we talk about radio control at 27MHz, there are other controls that work with infrared but I will not talk about that.   As I say, in RC models today we find only three types of circuits. Because the manufacturers are the same and barely change the schemes. The scheme depends on the channels that the car has. Channels are the independent actions you can perform.   Diagram of a ...

T his  automatic  bicycle  light  makes cycling in the dark much  easier (although you still need  to pedal of course). The circuit  takes  the  ambient  light  level  into account and only turns on  the light when it becomes dark.  The light is turned off when no  cycling has taken place for over  a minute or if it becomes light  again. The biggest advantage of  this circuit is that it has no manual controls. This way you can  never ‘forget’ to turn the light  on or off. This makes it ideal for  children and those of a forgetful  disposition. Bicycle Light Image : To detect when the bicycle is  used (in other words, when the  wheels turn), the circuit uses a  reed switch (S1), mounted on  the frame close to the wheel.  A small magnet is fixed to the  spokes (similar to that used with  most  bicycle  speedometers),...

This system needs to be attached to an existing car stereo amplifier to add extra ‘boom effect’ to the music. It has a dedicated loudspeaker with a power amplifier to boost low frequencies that are normally omnidirectional. Fig. 1: Circuit diagram of the subwoofer for cars Fig. 2: An actual-size, single-side PCB for the subwoofer Fig. 3: Component layout for the PCB The power amplifier used is an integrated class-B output amplifier in a 17-lead single-in-line (SIL) power package. It contains 4×12W single-ended (SE) or 2×24W bridge-tied load (BTL) amplifiers. The output speaker is connected in BTL configuration in this system for better quality. Circuit and working Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of sub-woofer for cars. It is built around low-noise JFET-input operational amplifiers TL072 (IC1), car radio power amplifier TDA8561Q (IC2) and transistors BC547 (T1 and T2). IC2 has two 24W BTL output channels, one of which is connected to loudspeaker LS1....

How do you want to have your wipers become more intelligent? In this way, they could remember how frequent you need to use them. But of course, this will need the help of an ATmega8L micro-controller. When you need to activate the wiper, you just press the button and it will run in one course. There is a 45 seconds waiting time that if you do not press the button, it will go on standby while telling itself that only one course is needed. The system will activate the wiper again if the button is pressed before 45 seconds. The good thing is that it will remember the interval when you pressed the button.

The Car Temperature Gauge is basically the same circuit as March's project with some minor changes to the input circuit. This circuit will display the water temperature to 1 degree resolution.

Just like cars that measures the distance it can travel, you can also do it with your bicycles. We usually keep track of our mileage to see how far our strength can go but would it be of great use if we track it because we are maintaining a workout everyday considering the calories we are burning. If you want to make your own odometer , you will need a micro controller that generates pulse and a MOSFET that converts those voltage pulses. Just remember to check your batteries all the time. The best way of burning calories is to move those muscles everyday! Set your bikes and your odometer! Burn fats!

Most cars do not have delayed interior lights. The circuit presented can put this right. It switches the interior lights of a car on and off gradually. This makes it a lot easier, for instance, to find the ignition keyhole when the lights have gone off after the car door has been closed. Since the circuit must be operated by the door switch, a slight intervention in the wiring of this switch is unavoidable. When the car door is opened, the door switch closes the lights circuit to earth. When the door is closed (and the switch is open), transistor T1, whose base is linked to the switch, cuts off T2, so that the interior light remains off. When the switch closes (when the door is opened), the base of T1 is at earth level and the transistor is off. Car Interior Lights Delay  Circuit diagram: Capacitor C1 is charged fairly rapidly via R3 and D1, whereupon T2 comes on so that the interior light is switched on. When the door is closed again, T1 conducts and stops t...

A circuit for monitoring the status of the battery and generator is undoubtedly a good idea for motorcyclists, as for other motorists. However, not every biker is willing to drill the necessary holes in the cockpit for the usual LED lamps, or to screw on an analogue accessory instrument. The circuit shown here manages to do its job with a single 5-mm LED, which can indicate a total of six different conditions of the onboard electrical system. This is done using a dual LED that can be operated in pulsed or continuous mode (even in daylight). Built on a small piece of prototyping board and fitted in a mini-enclosure, the complete circuit can be tucked inside the headlamp housing or hidden underneath the tank. The heart of the circuit is IC2, a dual comparator. The comparator circuit is built without using any feedback resistors, with the indication being stabilised by capacitors C4 and C5 instead of hysteresis. Small 10-µF tantalum capacitors work well here; 220-µF...

The car cigarette lighter socket does not only light cigarettes, but can be utilized as an electrical channel for powering tools to work on the car such as laptops and other electronic devices. The following circuit diagram shows a way of powering a two-way mobile radio using the LM317T voltage regulator. The LM317 T is an adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator that efficiently provides a load current of 1.5 Amps over an output range of 1.2 V and 37 V. With reference to the circuit, it can accept 14 volts without any hassle and the voltage can be controlled easily with the use of a potentiometer, a 3-terminal resister with sliding contact. The whole circuit will contain the following components:  Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Resistor 1 (R1): 270 ohms Resistor 2 (R2): 2K carbon potentiometer Capacitor 1 (C1): 100nF Capacitor 2 (C2): 1uF tantalum LM317T Voltage Regulator Heat Sink DC Power Jacks Green LED: Power Red LED: Over Voltage Zener Diod...

An efficient way to measure the RPM of a vehicle is through its ignition pulses. RPM of a vehicle is directly proportional to the rate of its ignition pulses. An ignition coil (also called spark coil) is an induction coil in an automobile’s ignition system that transforms the battery’s low voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs for igniting the fuel. Here we measure the rate of ignition pulses with a sensor system attached to the spark coil and thus indicate the RPM using a bar graph comprising 20 LEDs. Circuit and working Fig. 1 shows the circuit for RPM meter. The circuit is built around frequency-to-voltage converter LM2917N-8 (IC1), bar display drivers LM3914 (IC2 and IC3), 20 LEDs (LED1 through LED20) and some other components. Fig. 1: RPM meter circuit Diagram The circuit has three stages—pulse detection, frequency-to-voltage conversion and display of voltage by the LED bar graph. To sense the pulses from the ign...

Lots of Far-Eastern scooters are fitted with GY6 engines. These already elderly units are sturdy and economical, but if you want to  “push” the power a bit (so called ‘Racing’  kits, better handling of the advance, etc.), you soon find yourself faced with the problem  of the engine temperature, and it becomes essential to f it a heat sink (of ten wrongly  referred to as a ‘radiator’) on the oil circuit. Even so, in these circumstances, it’s more than reassuring for the user to have a constant clear indication of the oil temperature. Here are the specifications we set for the temperature gauge we wanted to build:  Oil Temperature Gauge Circuit Diagram : . no moving parts (so not meter movement), as scooters vibrate a lot!; as cheap as possible (around £12); robust measuring transducer (avoid NTC thermistors and other ‘exotic’ sensors); temperature range 50–140 °C. (122 – 291 °F); audible and visual warning in case of dangerous temperature;...

Build a Faulty Car Indicator Alarm Circuit Diagram, Before taking a turn, either left or right, car drivers need to switch on the car’s turn- indicator lamps so that the approaching vehicle drivers can take precaution accordingly. An accident is likely to occur in case your car’s turn- indicator lamps fail to glow due to some reason or the other. Here’s a circuit that sounds an alarm if your turn- indicator lamps don’t glow, helping you to safeguard against any accident. When both the the front and rear turn- indicator lamps (either right or left) glow, the current through the lamps (L1-L2 or L3-L4) causes a voltage drop across series resistor R1. This voltage drives pnp transistor T1 into saturation. In this condition, pnp transistor T2 does not conduct and hence relay RL1 does not energise. No sound from piezobuzzer PZ1 (connected to normally-opened (N/O) contacts of relay RL1) means that the turn- indicator lamps are working satisfactorily. Faulty Car Indicator Alarm Ci...

The Car Voltage Gauge is based on 3 parts. The input circuit is an Analog to Digital Converter (IC2 CA3162E). The purpose of this chip is to sample an analog voltage and convert it to a decimal value which is read by a Display/Decoder Driver (IC1 CA3161E). This chip will turn each seven segment display on through the driver transistor Q1 - Q3. The power is derived from the car and is converted to 5 volts by the 5 volt regulator. The circuit works as follows: The 10uf capacitor is charged up by the cars voltage. Its value is then read by IC2 and a decimal value of that voltage is provided to IC1 which multiplexes the three display units. Each display is turned on sequentially with its appropriate value displayed. The transistors Q1 through Q3 control the drive to each seven segment display. By monitoring the cars voltage with an accurate multimeter you can adjust the "Zero Adj." pot and the "Gain Adj." pot for accurate readings. LED 1 and 2 are ...

If you want to make a flasher unit for you motorbike then this circuit is just for you. This simple turn signal flasher circuit can be  easily built and installed in any two wheelers for the desired actions. The circuit employs just two 2-pins instead of 3 as found in other flasher circuits. Once installed, the circuit will faithfully flash the side indicator lights whenever the intended function is switched ON. The circuit also incorporates an optional buzzer circuit which can be also included for getting a beeping sound in response to the flashing of the lamps. Parts List R1, R2, R3 = 10K R4= 33K T1 = D1351, T2 = BC547, T3 = BC557, C1, C2 = 33uF.25V L1 = Buzzer Coil

Using a mobile phone while driving is dangerous. It is also against the law. However, you can use your mobile phone as a powerful music player with the help of a stereo power amplifier. This does away with the need of a sophisticated in-dash car music system. Most mobile phones have a music player that offers a number of features including preset/manual sound equalisers. They have standard 3.5mm stereo sockets that allow music to be played through standard stereo headphones/sound amplifiers. Nokia 2700 classic is an example.  Mobile Car Stereo Player Circuit Diagram   A car audio amplifier with 3.5mm socket can be designed and simply connected to the mobile phone output via a shielded cable with suitable connectors/jacks (readymade 3.5mm male-to-male connector cable is a good alternative). Fig. 1 shows the circuit of car stereo player. It is built around popular single-chip audio power amplifier TDA1554Q (IC1). The TDA1554Q is an integrated class-B power ampl...

A lambda probe (or oxygen sensor) can be found on the exhaust system of most cars running on unleaded fuel. Having reached its normal operating temperature (of about 600 degrees Celsius!) the lambda probe supplies an output voltage proportional to the amount of residual oxygen measured in the exhaust gas. This information is indicative of, among others, the air/fuel ratio supplied by the carburetor(s) and hence the combustion efficiency. In modern car (and motorcycle) engines, this information is used to (electronically) adjust engine parameters like ignition timing and fuel injection. The indicator described here is intended for permanent installation on a motorcycle of which the air/fuel ratio needed to be watched, with the obvious aim engine power tuning after fitting a different set of carburetors. Apart from this obvious technical use the unit’s bright LEDs will no doubt attract the attention of curious motorcyclists. At the local junkyard a single-wire lambda pr...

The test beeper generates a sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 1,000 Hz, a common test  frequency for audio amplifiers.  It consists of a classical Wien- Bridge oscillator (also known as  a Wien-Robinson oscillator). The network that determines the  frequency consists here of a series connection of a resistor and  capacitor (R1/C1) and a parallel connection (R2/C2), where  the values of the resistors and  capacitors  are  equal  to  each  other. This network behaves, at  the oscillator frequency (1 kHz  in this case), as two pure resistors. The opamp (IC1) ensures  that the attenuation of the net- work  (3  times)  is  compensated  for.  In  principle  a  gain  of  3 times should have been sufficient to sustain the oscillation,  but  that  is  in  theory.  Because  of tolerances in the values, the  amplificati...

This simple to build alarm can be fitted in bikes to protect them from being stolen. The tiny circuit can be hidden anywhere, without any complicated wiring. Virtually, it suits all bikes as long as they have a battery. It doesn't drain out the battery though as the standby current is zero. The hidden switch S1 can be a small push-to-on switch, or a reed switch with magnet, or any other similar simple arrangement. The circuit is designed around a couple of low-voltage MOSFETs configured as monostable timers. Motorbike key S2 is an ignition switch, while switch S3 is a tilt switch. Motorbike key S2 provides power supply to the gate of MOSFET T2, when turned on. When you turn ignition off using key S2, you have approximately 15 seconds to get off the bike; this function is performed by resistor R6 to discharge capacitor C3. Thereafter, if anyone attempts to get on the bike or move it, the alarm sounds for approximately15 seconds and also disconnects the ignition circuit. Durin...

This circuit when setup in a car automatically turns off the head light after a preset time after the ignition switch is turned off.So you can walk out easily from the dark garage in the light of your car. Circuit diagram : Car Head Lights Turn Off  Circuit Diagram When the ignition switched on first the voltage from battery is fed to the relay through diode D1.When the ignition switch is turned off it produces a negative going pulse at the pin 2 that triggers the timer. The output of the IC goes high for the time set by R1  .This makes the transistor Q1 to conduct to energize the relay to drive the headlight.After the set time the light goes off.With the value of components used you can make a setting from 10 S to 60 S. Notes : Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board. Fit the potentiometer on somewhere on the dashboard so that  you can easily set the timing.